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Processes introduction:
Fine blanking
Fine blanking is a fully automated precision metalworking process. It is a form of precision metal stamping in which extremely tight tolerances can be held, and usually additional machining steps can be avoided post-production. Materials that can be fine blanked include carbon steels, alloy and stainless steels, as well as soft non ferrous alloys like aluminum, brass or copper.
Fine blanking presses are
similar to other metal stamping presses, but they have a few critical
additional parts. A typical compound fine blanking press includes a hardened
die punch (male), the hardened blanking die (female), and a guide plate of
similar shape/size to the blanking die. The guide plate is the first applied
to the material, impinging the material with a sharp protrusion or stinger
around the perimeter of the die opening. Next a counter pressure is applied
opposite the punch, and finally the die punch forces the material through
the die opening. Since the guide plate holds the material so tightly, and
since the counter pressure is applied, the material is cut in a manner more
like extrusion than typical punching. Mechanical properties of the cut
benefit similarly with a hardened layer at the cut edge from the cold
working of the part. Because the material is so tightly held and controlled
in this setup, part flatness remains very true, distortion is nearly
eliminated, and edge burr is minimal. Clearances between the die and punch
are generally around 1% of the cut material thickness, which typically
varies between .5-13mm. Currently parts as thick as 19mm can be cut using
fine blanking. Tolerances between ＼.0003"-.002" are possible based on
material thickness & tensile strength, and part layout.
With standard compound fine blanking processes, multiple parts can often be
done in a single operation. Parts can be pierced, partially pierced, offset
(up to 75•), embossed, or coined, often in a single operation. Some
combinations may require progressive fine blanking operations, in which
multiple operations are performed at the same pressing station however.
Advantages
excellent dimensional control, accuracy, and repeatability through a
production run.
excellent part flatness is retained.
straight, superior finished edges to other metal stamping processes.
smaller holes possible relative to thickness of material.
little need to machine details.
multiple features can be added simultaneously in 1 operation.
more economical for large production runs than traditional operations when
additional machining cost and time are factored in (between 1000-20000 parts
minimum, depending on secondary machining operations).
Disadvantages
slightly higher tooling cost when compared to traditional punching
operations.
slightly slower than traditional punching operations.
Stamping parts